高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)：五步寫(xiě)一篇好英語(yǔ)作文
無(wú)論在學(xué)習(xí)、工作或是生活中，大家總少不了接觸作文吧，作文根據(jù)寫(xiě)作時(shí)限的不同可以分為限時(shí)作文和非限時(shí)作文。那么你知道一篇好的作文該怎么寫(xiě)嗎？以下是小編為大家收集的高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)：五步寫(xiě)一篇好英語(yǔ)作文，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
五步寫(xiě)一篇好英語(yǔ)作文
(一)仔細(xì)審題，確定要點(diǎn)。在開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作這前一定要認(rèn)真閱讀題目中的所有信息(中文提示、圖示、注意事項(xiàng)等)把需要表達(dá)的全部信息要點(diǎn)列成提綱，列要點(diǎn)時(shí)，如果提示是圖表，要認(rèn)真審圖，從圖中找出要表達(dá)的信息要點(diǎn)，如事件發(fā)生的背景，人物的衣著、表情、動(dòng)作、位置、年齡、外貌、圖中的英漢文字等，如果有參考詞匯，一定要用上。
(二)根據(jù)要點(diǎn)，先詞組句。近年來(lái)高考書(shū)面表達(dá)的要求不斷提高，高分文章要有較多的詞匯，較高級(jí)的詞匯用法。比如表達(dá)豐富可以用rich,但如果你用abundant這個(gè)詞就屬于較高級(jí)的詞匯。再比如“他強(qiáng)調(diào)小心駕駛的重要”這個(gè)句子 He emphasized the importance of careful driving.其中“強(qiáng)調(diào)”這個(gè)詞如果你用 attach much importance to 效果更佳。
(三)確定時(shí)態(tài)及人稱(chēng)，內(nèi)容連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。高考書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)明確規(guī)定，如人稱(chēng)錯(cuò)誤要扣分，不同的文體一般都有基本時(shí)態(tài)。日記通常記敘發(fā)生過(guò)的事情，多用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。議論文多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，通知等文體通常用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。每個(gè)句子寫(xiě)好之后，句與句之間要選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞。比如：(1)表示承接、遞進(jìn)用語(yǔ)，besides(并且)、whats more(并且)，moreover(而且)，firstly,secondly,finally(最后)，from now on (從此)，afterwards I after that(后來(lái))，to make things worse/ whats worse(使事情更為糟糕的是)，the worst thing of all(最糟糕的是)。(2)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系用語(yǔ)。but bowever,otherwise,though,despite,in spite of...(盡管)on the other hand(另一方面)，as(盡管)，all the same(盡管如此)。(3)表示因果關(guān)系用語(yǔ)。because/because of......for(因?yàn)?，owing to (由于)，thanks to (由于)，due to (由于)，so that (結(jié)果)。(4)歸納總結(jié)用語(yǔ)。to summarize(總而言之)，in short/in a word(簡(jiǎn)而言之)，on the whole(從總體看)，generally speaking(一般說(shuō)來(lái))，in my view(我的觀(guān)點(diǎn))，in conclusion(總之)。
(四)句式豐富，避免單詞。英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五檔(21-25分)要求，“應(yīng)使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，這要求學(xué)生不僅會(huì)運(yùn)用基本句型，也要有意識(shí)地使用復(fù)雜句型，這是文章的亮點(diǎn)。如何使用復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，我認(rèn)為適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(分詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞或不定式短語(yǔ))適當(dāng)運(yùn)用各種從句(定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句、狀語(yǔ)從句)是有效什么途徑。比如：when he arrived in Beijing,he gave me an e-mail.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。一般)→On arriving in Beijing,he gave me an e-mail.Having arrived in Beijing.he gave me an e-mail.(使用了動(dòng)名詞，分別作狀語(yǔ)。高級(jí)) Hardly had he arrived in Beijing when he gave me an e-mail.(改變時(shí)態(tài)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)。高級(jí))I wont believe what he says.(一般)→No matter what he says,I wont believe.(讓步狀從句，高級(jí))。
(五)認(rèn)真答寫(xiě)，卷面整潔。高考書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)書(shū)寫(xiě)有較高要求。尤其今年英語(yǔ)作文要進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上閱卷，如果書(shū)寫(xiě)較差，會(huì)影響到掃描質(zhì)量，因此，考生在答卷時(shí)，一定要認(rèn)真、清楚規(guī)范地書(shū)寫(xiě)，以保卷面整潔。
寫(xiě)作技巧
敘事類(lèi)記敘文通常要將時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果等六個(gè)要素交代清楚。好的記敘文具有描述事件具體、人物逼真形象、故事生動(dòng)感人、材料表現(xiàn)中心和寫(xiě)作主旨明確等特征。高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作中的敘事類(lèi)短文也需要具有記敘文寫(xiě)作的一般特點(diǎn)，但要求相對(duì)比較低，其考查重點(diǎn)在語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用正確、句子連貫通順、信息點(diǎn)表述完整等方面。寫(xiě)作時(shí)要注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題：
1、嚴(yán)格按照基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作的要求完成各個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，不要為了文章的生動(dòng)而隨意添加信息。
2、信息點(diǎn)的表述不要完全按照題目所給的順序，要適當(dāng)重組信息點(diǎn)。
3、記敘文寫(xiě)作的時(shí)態(tài)多數(shù)是用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但也要注意靈活運(yùn)用其它時(shí)態(tài)。
4、敘事類(lèi)記敘文的話(huà)題通常和中學(xué)生的生活閱歷有關(guān)，如校園生活、旅游、交通、交友等，平時(shí)要注意積累這些方面的詞匯和短語(yǔ)。
常用語(yǔ)句
1.表達(dá)時(shí)間
A long time ago, at six o’clock in the morning, at the end of, at the weekend, before he came here, by the end of last term, during the summer holidays, in a few years’ time, in the past, in the old days, in the past ten years, in August 20XX, in winter vacation, in weekdays, last month, next week, on Sunday morning, on October 1st, since early in the 20th century, so far, up to now, not…until, while , etc.
2.表達(dá)地點(diǎn)
At the crossing, at the end of the street, at the airport, at the village, at the foot of the mountain, at the bottom, at the top of, be located in, behind the park, be situated in, five kilometers to the north of Guangzhou, in the south of Guangdong Province, in the middle of the park, in Class 3 Grade 2, in the front of the bus, in front of the bus, in the tree, in Guangdong, in China, lies to the west of Sichuan, on the other side of the street, on both sides of the road, on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean ,on the right, etc.
3.表達(dá)因果
As, as a result, because, because of, for, in the end, cause, result in, consequently, originate from, since, so, therefore, It is clear that… , It turns out to be… , The primary reason is … , etc.
4.事件話(huà)題
?。?）學(xué)校生活及學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)
Be active in class, be interested in, be interesting to sb., be fond of, be good at , be poor at , be tired of one’s work, be weak in, do one’s homework, do sports after school, do well in; education for all-round development（素質(zhì)教育），examination-oriented education system（應(yīng)試教育），fail in the test, get a doctor’s degree, get on well with English, get an “A” in the exam, get 90 marks for English, give sb. a passing grade, have a good command of the language, have eight classes every day, help with each other, lay a good foundation in, learn…by heart, major in history, make friends with sb., make progress in, put one’s heart into, pass the examination, study in groups, succeed in doing sth., take an active part in the activity, take several courses at school, work out a problem, work on a maths problem , work hard at, etc.
（2）師生關(guān)系及其活動(dòng)
Be friendly to sb., be kind to sb, be a strict teacher, be strict with one’s pupils, be strict in one’s work, be satisfied with , blame sb. for sth, correct the students’ homework carefully, devote all one’s time to work, form a good habit of, get on well with sb, give advice on, give sb a lot of work , help sb with sth , make one’s lessons lively and interesting, praise sb for sth., prepare for tomorrow’s lesson, question sb on, teach sb. English , teach sb how to do sth., etc.
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